Showing posts with label Africa. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Africa. Show all posts

Wednesday, July 11, 2007

Libya HIV death sentences upheld


Condemned Bulgarian nurses and Palestinian doctor (file image)
The foreign medics say they are innocent
Libya's Supreme Court has upheld the death sentences imposed in 2004 on five Bulgarian nurses and a Palestinian doctor for infecting children with HIV.

However, a mediating body - the Gaddafi Foundation - has reportedly agreed a financial settlement with the children's families.

This could see the death penalties overturned by Libya's High Judicial Council at a later date.

The imprisonment of the medics has caused an international outcry.

TRIAL IN DATES
May 2004: Libya convicts and sentences the medics to death for infecting children with HIV
Dec 2005: Libyan Supreme Court overturns the convictions and orders a retrial
Dec 2006: Medics are sentenced to death a second time
Feb 2007: Medics appeal to the Libyan Supreme Court
June 2007: Top EU officials hold talks in Libya to try to secure the medics' release
11 July 2007: Libya's Supreme Court upholds death sentences

They insist they are innocent of deliberately giving tainted blood to the children at the Benghazi hospital in 1998.

In recent months, the European Union has stepped up diplomatic efforts to have the medics freed.

The United States has also been involved, with President George W Bush appealing for their release in June.

Fifty-six of the 438 children infected with tainted blood at the Benghazi hospital have since died.

Diplomatic efforts

The six medics were found guilty and sentenced to death twice, first in 2004 and again in 2006 following a court appeal.

It is their final appeal in the case which has gripped public attention in both Libya and Bulgaria.

During their trial, one of the doctors who helped first isolate the HIV virus, Luc Montagnier, testified that the hospital epidemic began before the foreign medics started working at the hospital.

On the Libyan side, the families of the infected children have demanded the maximum punishment.

The government in Tripoli is caught between its wish to repair ties with the West and to defend its own legal system, the BBC's Nick Thorpe says.

Rebels behead Philippine troops

map
Islamic militants in the southern Philippines have killed 14 marines, beheading 10 of them, a military spokesman has said.

Nine other marines were wounded and at least four rebels were killed during the incident on Basilan island.

The clash took place as the marines were searching for an Italian priest.

The priest was seized in June by kidnappers believed to be from either Abu Sayyaf or the Moro Islamic Liberation Front.

Both groups are seeking an independent Islamic state in the southern Philippines.

Ceasefire violation?

The priest, named as Giancarlo Bossi, was seized by armed men near the coastal village of Bulawan near Zamboanga on 10 June.

Kidnapped Italian priest Giancarlo Bossi
Father Bossi was seized by armed men on his way to church
Marine spokesman Lt Col Ariel Caculitan said the marines ran into a group of some 300 armed men during their search for him, triggering the clash.

Lt Col Caculitan said that 14 marines had been killed. The number of rebels who died is unconfirmed, but reports vary from four to at least 20.

Initially, the military assumed that the rebels were mainly from the Abu Sayyaf group - the smallest but deadliest of several Islamic groups fighting the Philippine government.

But army officers say that Abu Sayyaf gunmen do not have a presence in the area where Rev Bossi was kidnapped.

A spokesman for the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) later confirmed that some its members had been involved in the clash, despite the fact the MILF is currently engaged in peace talks with the government.

Mohagher Iqbal, the chief negotiator for the MILF, said the marines had attacked one of the group's strongholds, violating a ceasefire agreement, and that his forces had therefore fought back.

"The incident could have been avoided if the government had co-ordinated with our forces in Basilan before they actually moved in," he told reporters.

But he denied that the MILF was responsible for the beheadings, or that it was involved in the kidnapping of the priest.

Monday, July 9, 2007

Zimbabwe's frenzied shopping spree

Zimbabweans queuing
Zimbabwe has 80% unemployment and the world's highest inflation
A barefoot woman in Zimbabwe with a supermarket basket at her feet, toes squeezing the wires to prevent anyone grabbing it, was throwing pots of half-price moisturising cream into it as fast as she could.

Around her desperate shoppers at the Harare supermarket, with trolleys piled high, were lunging at shelves, fighting, shouting to get to products that had suddenly been cut by 50%.

"The staff had all evacuated apart from the till operators. At the back, even the storeroom doors were wide open and the place had been ransacked - there was nothing left, nothing on pallets," a bystander said.

This chaotic scene has been repeated across the capital in the last week following an order by the authorities that the prices of basic goods be halved.

It was mayhem... the riot police had to come because the tills hadn't the chance to sort out the pricing
Eyewitness

With inflation at officially more than 3,700% (some economists put it as high as 9,000%), supermarkets are unwilling to comply, so a price-control unit has been trying to enforce it with instant inspections.

On Sunday, the unit arrived at 0800 at a Bon Marche store in Harare, and gave the staff a list of goods whose prices had to be cut by 50%, including most Nestle products.

"I swear at 0830 (0730 GMT) there were droves of people running, not walking, running to the supermarket through the mall," an eyewitness, who asked to remain anonymous, told the BBC News website.

"It was mayhem in there. By 1030 the riot police had to come and sort it out because the tills hadn't had the chance to sort out the pricing."

Hoarding

She described how people with packed trolleys were accusing each other of hoarding.

bread in a Zimbabwean supermarket
They don't make bread because it's a controlled price... they add a few currants or change the shape of it - then it'll be classed as fancy bread - and they can charge what they like
Harare accountant

"I'm going to report you. You should share," one person shouted.

"I will share with you, if you give me half your chicken," the other retorted.

A 25 litre drum of cooking oil was reportedly cut by the officials from 15m Zimbabwe dollars to Z$3m.

"There weren't enough trolleys so people were going to the plastic-ware section and got buckets to carry the stuff in," the eyewitness explained.

When the police arrived, they ordered everyone out of the shop, and then allowed 20 people in at a time.

"But at that stage time was ticking and the doors closed at 2pm, so there was a commotion like you wouldn't believe outside - swearing and shouting," she said.

The next morning, scared shop assistants and managers wore plain clothes to work and began the massive clear up - returning the items piled in trolleys that were abandoned when the police arrived.

However, the prices were back to normal - no bargains were to be found.

Arrests

News of the price cuts have led some people to rush into town, only to discover that the supermarkets they heard about are no longer discounting.

People walking and cycling to work (File photo)
Many workers are unable to afford to get buses to work

According to state media, at least 20 businessmen have been arrested in the ongoing crackdown.

Among them was the manager of a TM supermarket branch in Harare, detained on Sunday morning when he asked price-control officials, who had arrived at the shop, to give him an hour to re-programme the tills.

He was immediately handcuffed and taken into police custody.

An accountant in the capital told the BBC News website that sometimes inspectors force shopkeepers to cut the price of just one product.

"You'll be standing in the shop, when suddenly the price for something will go down - there'll be a mad dash, a free-for-all, and it'll all be gone within seconds," she said.

Smaller shops are suffering the most in the crackdown.

"A lot of the butchers are closing down because they've been told they've got to sell below cost," she says.

Meanwhile, buyers are reluctant to restock in case they are forced to slash prices again and this had led to some shortages.

Some people are profiteering
Harare accountant

"There're shortages of bread because now. They don't make bread because it's a controlled price. The bakeries make buns or something with a few currants in or change the shape of it - then it'll be classed as fancy bread - and they can charge what they like," the accountant said.

A Harare resident said she had been looking for eggs and milk since Thursday and another told the BBC there were rumours that goods were being moved from warehouses to residential houses to hide them from inspectors.

'Half-price war'

Petrol queues have formed again as garages are confused about what price to sell at.

A couple of fuel pumps opened on Monday night selling at Z$140,000 (just over $1 on the black market; $560 at the official rate), down from Z$200,000.

Robert Mugabe
Mr Mugabe has said price hikes are unjustified

One family contacted by the BBC, who was cooking supper outside over a fire because of the now daily electricity cuts, said the fuel prices had not been reflected in lower transport fares.

The "half-price war" is not limited to basic products. Mobile phone companies have also been threatened, and Econet top-up cards were nowhere to be found in Harare on Monday.

Earlier this year, President Robert Mugabe blamed "unbridled greed" for the country's economic woes.

"Some people are profiteering," agreed the accountant, "but there must be a more logical way of tackling it. Asking to see invoices and working out the profit, perhaps."

Businessmen complain that it is a full-time job trying to keep abreast of new regulations that change daily.

Because of the chronic shortage of cash, employers have been told to pay staff who earn over Z$1m a month (a subsistence wage) by cheque, which means people have to open up bank accounts.

This is proving difficult as many do not have the correct identification documents and will face bank charges that shrink their meagre earnings still further.

No cheques of Z$50m or above ($416 on the black market) are acknowledged by the banks and there are limits on the amount of cheques that can be drawn each day.

When the ATM machines work, only Z$3m ($21) can be withdrawn.

It seems beating rampant inflation will prove a long-fought battle.

This report was compiled by the BBC's Lucy Fleming from the accounts of several Harare residents.

Mass Zimbabwe arrests over prices

Policeman watches queue for sugar
When police enforce price controls, shoppers flock to buy bargains
A total of 1,328 Zimbabwean businessmen and women have been arrested and fined for breaking official price controls in the past two weeks, police say.

The government ordered that the prices of many goods be cut in half, in order to tackle the world's highest rate of inflation - more than 3,700%.

But businesses say the new prices are below cost, so some firms have closed.

Zimbabwe's neighbours are trying to work on a plan to revive the economy - once one of Africa's most advanced.

A South African newspaper reported on Sunday that this could include pegging the Zimbabwe dollar to the South African rand but this has not been confirmed.

'Police hotlines'

Officials have been visiting shops and businesses to ensure they are respecting the new prices.

We will sustain this operation at all costs to make sure at the end of it there is sanity in the business sector
Chief Superintendent Oliver Mandipaka

But this has led to panic buying and goods running short, when the prices are reduced.

Police spokesperson Chief Superintendent Oliver Mandipaka told the state-owned Herald newspaper that some businesses were raising prices again, as soon as the officials left.

"We urge consumers to report such cases, using our police hotlines," he said.

"We will sustain this operation at all costs to make sure at the end of it there is sanity in the business sector," he said.

Those arrested and fined include workers from most of Zimbabwe's top firms, across the country.

Shoppers pass empty supermarket shelves
The price controls have led to empty shelves
One businessmen was arrested transporting a tonne of sugar to rural areas, The Herald reports.

Supt Mandipaka said 33 top executives were in custody and would be taken to court shortly.

One Harare resident told the BBC that a single banana now cost more than she had paid for her four-bedroom house in 2000.

The government has accused businessmen of deliberately raising prices in order to cause unrest and bring down President Robert Mugabe.

Most economists say Mr Mugabe's policies are to blame for ruining the economy.

It has been suggested that the Southern African Development Community (SADC) could offer to help Zimbabwe's economy in exchange for political reforms.

The MDC and western observers say previous elections have been rigged.